Individuals suffering from traumatic brachial plexus injury often complain of severe pain in the affected limb. A brachial plexus injury occurs when a powerful force pushes down on the shoulder while extending the neck in the other direction. In can also happen if the arm is forcefully pulled above the head.

Positional Pain

Pain can be sudden and sharp, occurring repeatedly and unexpectedly. It can also be a constant burning, aching pain. One of the first treatments for brachial plexus related pain is physical therapy. After the injury, the shoulder and arm may no longer be in alignment. The change in limb position places a strain on the muscles and ligaments. Because of paralysis, it’s not possible to readjust the limb to a more comfortable position.

With paralysis, there is also the risk of muscle atrophy and contractures. Contractures are a tightening of the muscles and ligaments from non-use. Physical therapy stretches the limb, and exercises the muscle which relieves some of the tightness and discomfort. A physical therapist can also recommend an appropriate brace to maintain a more normal position which relieves strain and pressure.

Nerve Pain

Pain may increase as a damaged peripheral nerve begins to regenerate. With the development of scar tissue, the regenerating nerve may push against a physiologic barrier which then causes painful signals to be communicated back to the brain. This is called a neuroma and can many times be corrected with surgery.

The nerves themselves may also become inflamed, with unclear signals to the brain resulting in a burning and aching sensation. One of the most severe types of pain after a brachial plexus injury develops from avulsion injuries, where the nerve is pulled away from the spinal cord. Neurosurgeons have some success with a procedure that coagulates the entry zone of the dorsal root of the nerve.

Getting Help for the Pain

Managing chronic brachial plexus pain requires a variety of specialists, and can be a life-long issue. Dr. Greg Vigna, personal injury attorney and board certified rehabilitation physician, works closely with specialists who understand these types of injuries and their complications. Contact our office today for a free case evaluation.